Twilight of an idol, psychobiography "by Michel Onfray on Freud, bestseller in France, attacked the father of psychoanalysis, accusing him of lying , homophobic and admirer of Mussolini. Here, an interview with the author, Elisabeth response racconto Roudinesco and the controversies around the couch.
What if Sigmund Freud was a forger , tyrant, phallocratic, megalomaniac, evil child, eager money, an admirer of Mussolini, homophobic and misogynist? This is what suggests the French philosopher Michel Onfray, bestselling author of more than fifty books translated into twenty-five languages, in a book just published in France and sold in one month over a hundred thousand copies. This is Le Crépuscule d'une idole. L'affabulation freudienne (Twilight of an idol. A Freudian fable), six hundred pages that have raised the ire of the French psychoanalytic elite who accused him, as the historian of psychoanalysis Roudinesco Elisabeth, had made this discipline a "Nazi science and fascist. " The delicacy referring back to it as someone "on the verge of mental illness." So things are.
Onfray's life-infarction at 28 years, poor family, adored his father, troubled relationship with her mother, raised from 10 years in an orphanage where she was sexually abused is a feast for the inflamed constellation of psychoanalysts willing to receive on their personal history, the real reasons for the abomination of a system that he is spreading like octopus arms, Freudian psychoanalysis.
Michel Onfray believes there is an official history as necessary opposition, he claimed from counterhistory Popular University of Caen, which was created in 2002 in northern France and attended by an audience that follows it with devotion. From that city Ñ answer the questions.
Onfray lambasts religion to which they considered to be sources of alienation and likes to combine philosophy with food, not only in books such as The Belly of the philosophers, but by the Popular University of Taste, where he tries democratize the culinary pleasure. Some accompanying parsimony and irony without interruption in their multiple visits to radio and television. In books like The force of existing or construction of the self the writer outlines his philosophy hedonistic atheist instead of contempt for the body and sensual pleasures, proposed the meeting. Nietzsche, anarchist, libertarian and prolific writer, in his latest book, a psychobiography of Freud, in his words-Michel Onfray attacks the father of psychoanalysis to reduce it to rubble.
- "The black book of psychoanalysis, which brings together works by more than forty scholars from various disciplines, made available to the public a critical inventory of Freudianism. After Freud taught for twenty years, reading that book was converted to radical antifreudismo?
"More than the antifreudismo, this book refers to the advent of history in a world where legend imposes its law for a century. In France the Freudians are a militia that operates under the principle of the years paramilitary fascist or Bolshevik: intimidation, manipulation, lies, media contacts, criminalization of free thought, activation of networks of influence, threats ... All the historical production of psychoanalysis has been detained, denied access to files from a quarter century ago. I myself was a victim of this tyranny of the legend that had criminalized the black book of psychoanalysis making, as far as mine-in anti-Semitic book, "revisionist", which reactivates the thesis of the extreme right. The usual array of this militia that fights free-critical work, the historic initiative.
- Why People teaches at the University of Caen psychoanalysis, if you think it is a fable?
-The Popular University of Caen created in 2002 to teach freely, away from the legends of the official university lives. I asked a friend psychoanalysis psychoanalyst who taught the same way that atheist, I asked to ensure a Catholic seminary. My libertarian view of things makes me believe that the debate and confrontation can arise an authoritative opinion. The opposite of what the military thinks and Freudian practice.
- "Twilight of an idol" is presented as a Nietzschean reading of Freud. What does it mean?
-To Nietzsche philosophy is always autobiographical confession of its author. This really works for him, of course, but also for all philosophers. However, Freud was a philosopher and production also obeys the same laws: they are a valid response to questions from Freud, of course, but surely not a universal answer valid for all men. Beyond good and evil, above all value judgments, I proposed to deconstruct the myth of Freud as a scientist discovering a continent, the unconscious, as Copernicus or Darwin discovered the heliocentric evolution of species. Freud was never a scientist but an artist, a writer, a philosopher. Hence, to make him a scientific genius, a world ... What I do with Freud, but I do with all philosophers for eight years at People's University, is what Sartre called "an existential psychoanalysis." Free the reader, then, to believe the assertions of Freud supposedly scientific or not. For my part, I place beside Freud Nietzsche or Kierkegaard, no universal scientific value, but with real philosophical value individual, subjective. A thought is refuted, not the philosophical life that accompanies it: I refute Freud's thinking, but not the philosophical life of Freud.
"If, in your opinion, Freud had sympathy for fascism because they have spent one of his books praised Mussolini (" Why War?, Written in collaboration with Einstein) Nietzsche would also be a Nazi-fascist for being an inspiration for Nazism?
"You confuse things: there are objective facts demonstrating that there is a complicity between Freud and Mussolini fascism, the fascism of Chancellor Dollfuss, a real work of Freud to Felix Böhm, a Nazi who worked in Göring Institute (institutional emanation of the Third Reich) that psychoanalysis might exist under the Nazi regime, a collaboration with the regime to exclude the psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich for being a Bolshevik. There are also texts in which Freud explains that he is in favor of an aristocracy some destined to lead the masses. Read, for example, Psychology and the Analysis of the self. By contrast, Nietzsche went insane in 1889, and died in 1900, or thirty years before Hitler came to power. The Nazis referred to a book he never wrote Nietzsche, The Will to Power, which is a false book written by her sister she did was a fascist and Nazi.
- A Jew under the Nazi regime would have refrained from praising Mussolini, thus putting their lives at risk?
"This vision is an offense against those who resisted and paid with his life that resistance to fascism, Nazism, I must say that Freud, with its global reputation, having means for early exile, could have done a review would have been useful at the time. On the other hand, I do not say never in my book that psychoanalysis is about fascism. The frequency of Freud with the fascist regimes that were his contemporaries is not enough to say that. Himself remarked that Freud was not so determined to get the exile of her sisters, as it was for the exile of his sister or Fitschl Paula, her maid. But it also would be cruel to this topic.
"You said that Freud gave rise to a legend and he lied. What have been, in his opinion, lies more serious?
-Like Freud excuse for all their lies, except for one: the only lie that matters between the litany of lies is one that Freud said that psychoanalysis cure. This is the greatest deception that takes hostage the existential suffering of people to make it the material of a substantial income with the help of the Freudian doctrine (cash pay very large sums that contribute to the effectiveness of the cure) , beyond the Republican treasury. Thus, means that the calm discussion with arguments worthy of the name is impossible with many analysts and leading to hatred: faced with impunity anyone's wallet swindlers. This question is now proven: all cases that Freud said he had achieved the cure turned out to be false claims. "The Wolf Man," for example, who said in 1918 that Freud had cured, in 1974, interview with a journalist and hopes, in his eighties, still have an analysis and psychoanalysis has done more harm than well. The list of miracle cures of Freud astounded to anyone who wants to make a historical work and challenge the legend.
-Freudianism, he says, is a "private worldview universal claim." Why?
-An example: the Oedipus complex, presented as a universal Freudian discovery comes from the pure and simple desire to Freud, as a child, he traveled by train during the night with his mother. He pretends "that may not have seen" naked that night and that "therefore", he would have liked sexually. Then follows, without further evidence that this is true in all children from everlasting to everlasting. Freud, for subjective reasons (a remarried family, with three levels of mixed generations, a father who was the age of her grandfather, a brother of his father's age, the same as the age of his mother, a nephew barely bigger than him, etc.) has had identity problems personal sex is one thing. But to infer theories of general and universal claim from this, with that, I disagree. Freud makes his desires for reality and is always this: the family romance, the beaten child, the murder of the father, the sexual etiology of the neurotic, the Oedipus complex, and many other supposedly universal and scientific concepts are only particular statement and literature.
"If Freudianism, as you said, is a religion or a cult, what is it that captivates its followers?
"What always fascinated by the cult is to have at its disposal a thought" all ready "to be intelligent waiver, which exempts a person from any use critical thinking. Add that this "religion" brings fragile subjects who enjoy bondage, enjoy the word of the master repository of universal truth, the discoverer of certainties admirable. The guru gives them security because it proposes a single key that opens all locks: the complex Oedipus. This allows the sectarian ignoring their anxieties, their loneliness, fear. In herd you feel better, stronger, thanks to the weakness of those who share the same stable as him.
"You deny that psychoanalysis cure and says it is only a" placebo effect. " How do you explain then that some patients feel better after a psychoanalytic therapy?
"Exactly, thanks to the placebo effect. There are people who after a conversion to Islam, an entry to a monastery or a procession to Lourdes, also feel better. Is this therefore test the truth of Islam and Christianity? "And what to think of those millions of people who feel better after a consultation with a psychic, an astrologer, a homeopath, a spiritualist? Come on, let's be serious. Do away with these behaviors and these behaviors magical childhood. Psychoanalysis is the name given to the occult in a century positivism.
"You criticized in Freud's love of money. Do you think that greed for money governs the psychoanalytic world today?
"If I judge by today's rates in the private sector, if I observe the utmost discretion on this issue and psychoanalysts total silence on this item in my book, if I judge according to that published by the satirical newspaper Le Canard Enchaîné, which explains that a famous psychoanalyst, an authority on the subject in Paris and in the world (Editor's note: Jean- Jacques Miller, married the daughter of Lacan) evaded the Treasury large sums, I think, in fact, an extremely profitable trade. Then it is a problem now!
-Explains you in psychoanalysis "all have the same value": the sick and the healthy, good and evil, sickness and health. Is not it better this view perhaps somewhat loosely, to a vision Manichean mental health?
"I think this statement that there is no difference in status between normal and pathological, but only a difference of" degree "is the mark of a sick time. I do not think that cancer is one form of health. I think the psychopathology of hysteria analyst is not a feature of mental health! If I judge by what our age is shown capable of doing, I think, in fact she needs to defend itself, erase the boundaries between the perverse, the neurotic, the psychotic, the paranoid and the man who has all their health mental. I'm not saying it is simple to work on these precise definitions between normal and pathological, but the difficulty does not justify or legitimize the refusal to work on a definition that would become known, however, historically dated but intellectually necessary.
- Do you wish people would stop to psychoanalyze? What do the psychic suffering?
"It's incredible that Freud has made to believe that Freudian psychoanalysis is only and nothing else. In a lucid moment, he said during a conference in the U.S., which had not invented psychoanalysis, but we owe this discovery to Josef Breuer. Psychoanalysis then becomes a collective venture with a considerable number of people working on this discovery with him. I am not against psychoanalysis, but against the Freudian psychoanalysis. The Freudian-Marxist account, for example, with all my sympathy. Just because I care mental suffering, fight that which does not suppress that, however, intends to do so.
- What does it mean when he accuses psychoanalysis of "intellectual terrorism" or to have sprung up "like a poisonous plant?
-A cult does not get religion, but religion is a cult that was successful, without being violent means to do so. This proliferation deserve to movilizásemos mediology or study the transmission of messages by Régis Debray, to explain how, with conferences, seminars, magazines, and eviction of fellow rebels, Adler, Jung, Reich and many others, "the constitution of customers socially powerful and the seizure of all files where they find evidence of fabrications to 2050, there was this dominance of Freudian psychoanalysis on the global market intelligence. Add to this the fact that May 68 will become an opportunity for a huge misunderstanding.
- What?
-conservative, reactionary, Freud's companion path of fascist regimes, is transformed by Reich and Marcuse, and then thank all the authors Freudian-Marxists that accompany the movement of May 68, in Freud the liberator of sexuality, the defender of the oppressed sex. Is the limit! Lacan will accelerate this movement in France, sleeping on his couch all former comrades from May 68 to do the duel of the failed revolution. Are those that will form the elite who command the French social machine. Several patterns are now the press have led to vomiting of his colleagues about my work of critical history. Is not it remarkable?
- Ever psychoanalyzed or thought of it?
"Long ago I wanted to criticize Freud on behalf of a Freudian psychoanalysis. But he would do so only after Freud's texts. Then perform a training analysis to look inside the issue seemed to me that I should study theology become a priest, ten years of pastoral practice, to have the right to tell an atheist while it already was. A paradox, no? And I think that a psychoanalysis alternative would not know to be the result of the discovery of one man, we need to do the hard work of a "collective intellectual" to use an expression of Bourdieu.
-Finally, you are a movie lover. Do you like the films of Woody Allen, eternal patient of psychoanalysis?
-
time ago I saw Woody Allen movies that I left an imperishable memory.
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